Definitions of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, analogical dictionary of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (English) Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford, 26. Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. He had no legitimate surviving issue. In June 1433, Jean died penniless and in debt. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. Today, a plaque marks its former location. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. On 28 July 1488, Jacquettas 12th child and 6th son, Sir Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, led the vanguard of the Breton army of Duke Francis II at the disastrous Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier against a French army equipped with massed cannons. ." Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Original file (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, 6. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. He married Anne of Burgundy (1404-1432) 1423 JL in Amiens. When Joan of Arc was captured by the English, Jean sold all his family silver to raise another army and seized the town where Joan was held. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. Marburg: J.A. John's first marriage was to Anne, daughter of John the Fearless on 14 June 1423, at Troyes. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke, JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. He was given several important commands and also played a larger part in the day to day governing of England, even passing the death sentence on the Lollard rebel John Oldcastle. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford. 2. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. He was able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he was in decline. [S23] #849 Burke's Guide to the Royal Family (1973), (London: Burke's Peerage, c1973), FHl book 942 D22bgr., p. 202. 2 p. 63-64. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Error rating book. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. edit descriptions of this character John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery 11 T 26. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. Jean de Brosse, Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. She was burned for witchcraft in 1431 the French king who owed her his crown didnt lift a finger to help her. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. Artist unknown. She caused a scandal after Johns death by marrying a mere knight called Richard Woodville. John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. 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